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标准差 (standard deviation)

标准差σ是表述数据和均值之间的偏离程度的另一个重要标志。它等于方差的平方根。

标准差公式： $\sigma =\sqrt{{\sigma }^2}$

Python

import numpy as np# 定义数据集data_set = np.array([1, 2, 3, 8, 7])print(f'data_set={data_set}')# 均值mean = np.mean(data_set)print(f'mean of data_set = {mean}')# 方差 & 标准差variance = np.var(data_set)standard_deviation = np.std(data_set)print(f'variance of data_set = {variance}')print(f'standard deviation of data_set = {standard_deviation}')# 样本方差 & 样本标准差variance = np.var(data_set, ddof=1)sample_standard_deviation = np.std(data_set, ddof=1)print(f'variance of data_set = {variance}')print(f'sample standard deviation of data_set = {sample_standard_deviation}')

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